Effect of mustard analogs on cytokine profile in rodents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

被引:1
|
作者
Hassanpour, Hossein [1 ,5 ]
Mojtahed, Marzieh [2 ]
Fallah, Aziz A. [3 ]
Najafi-Chaleshtori, Somayeh [4 ]
机构
[1] Shahrekord Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Basic Sci, Shahrekord, Iran
[2] Islamic Azad Univ, Fac Adv Sci & Technol, Dept Cellular & Mol Biol, Tehran Med Sci, Tehran, Iran
[3] Shahrekord Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Food Hyg & Qual Control, Shahrekord, Iran
[4] Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Sch Adv Technol, Dept Tissue Engn & Appl Cell Sci, Shahrekord, Iran
[5] Shahed Univ, Hlth Equ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
关键词
Cytokinel; Mustard toxicity; Rodent; Meta-analysis; Interleukin; Interferon; INDUCED OCULAR INJURY; SULFUR MUSTARD; INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; ACUTE EXPOSURE; LUNG INJURY; LONG-TERM; COMPLICATIONS; DEXAMETHASONE; CHEMOKINES; INJECTION;
D O I
10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113465
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Mustard analogs (sulfur and nitrogen forms) are toxic agents that may damage immunity. This meta-analysis investigates the impact of mustard analogs on cytokine profiles in rodent models, emphasizing trends and inconsistencies observed in previous studies. A total of 21 relevant studies that evaluated the effect of mustard analogs on cytokines were screened. Data were extracted, and effect size and heterogeneity were assessed using random-effects models, Cochrane Q, and I2 statistics. The analysis revealed significant elevations in levels of IL1 alpha, IFN-T, IL-1R, IL-6, and TNF alpha and a reduction in the level of IL-10 following mustard exposure. The subgroup analysis showed that sulfur mustard analogs increased IL-1R, IL-6, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha levels, while IL-10 levels decreased. Nitrogen mustard analogs also elevated IL-1 alpha, IL-1R, and IL-6. Short-term exposure increased most cytokines, with a decrease in IL-10. In the medium term, all cytokines were elevated except IL-10, which was reduced. Long-term exposure sustained higher levels of IL-1 alpha and IL-6. Analysis of serum, plasma, and BALF samples confirmed significant rises in most cytokines, with IL-10 reduced. Injection routes consistently led to increased cytokines IL-1 alpha, IL-1R, IL-6, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and decreased IL-10, whereas vapor and liquid touch routes primarily increased IL-6. It is concluded that mustard analogs induce notable inflammatory responses in rodent models. Among these, sulfur mustard exhibits more extensive systemic effects compared to nitrogen mustard, resulting in more severe inflammation. Additionally, the route of administration substantially influences the severity of the inflammatory response. The exposure length and sample type also affect the cytokine levels, which may mandate the development of targeted treatments to counteract these effects.
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页数:9
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