Synthesis, crystallographic characterization, and thermal analyses of five 5-methyl-1H-tetrazole salts

Energetic salts are promising materials in the field of energetic materials, and numerous azole derivative salts have been explored over the past two decades. In this study, we synthesized and analyzed five 5-methyl-1H-tetrazole (MTZ) salts: perchlorate, nitrate, chloride, guanidinium (GN), and potassium dihydrate. These salts were characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Among the five salts, the perchlorate salt exhibited the highest calculated density. We also characterized the salts, along with a previously reported sodium salt for comparison, using sealed-cell differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis. Their corresponding exothermic calorific values were ordered as follows: MTZClO4 > MTZNO3 > MTZ > MTZCl> MTZK 2H2O > MTZNa 2H2O > MTZGN. The mass losses of MTZClO4 and MTZGN commenced at higher temperatures compared to that of MTZ, whereas those of MTZNO3 and MTZCl occurred at lower temperatures than that of MTZ.