Viscoelastoplastic Constitutive Model for the AC Lower Surface Layer Considering Time-Varying Characteristics during the Intelligent Compaction Process

Intelligent compaction (IC) technology based on the continuous compaction control (CCC) technology enables real-time monitoring, evaluation, and feedback of compaction quality. However, the lack of a viscoelastoplastic constitutive model of hot asphalt mixture under triaxial stress states, as well as the difficulty in simulating the time-varying characteristics of material properties, hinders the research and application of IC in asphalt concrete (AC) layers. Therefore, this paper proposes a viscoelastoplastic constitutive model for AC20 asphalt mixture and establishes a vibrating compaction numerical model for time-varying characteristics in material properties using finite-element modeling (FEM) analysis software Abaqus. Additionally, the stress state of the pavement was analyzed, and adjustment methods for vibrating compaction technology are proposed to further improve the compaction quality of the AC lower surface layer. Subsequently, the intelligent compaction measurement values (ICMVs) were calculated according to the acceleration and displacement response of the roller, and the reasons for the change in ICMVs were determined. Field test results verified that the established numerical model can realistically simulate the mechanical behavior of asphalt pavement under actual vibrating compaction conditions, thus providing a theoretical basis for the application of IC feedback control technology in AC lower surface layer.