Short-term prescribed fire frequency manipulation alters community response to subsequent fires in a southeastern pine savanna

被引:0
作者
Simha, Anita [1 ,2 ]
Wright, Justin P. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA
[2] Duke Univ, Univ Program Ecol, Durham, NC 27708 USA
关键词
determinants of plant community diversity and structure; disturbance; functional traits; intraspecific variation; legacy effects; recovery; resistance; woody encroachment; PLANT FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEGETATION CHANGES; DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEM; PERSISTENCE; DISTURBANCE; DIVERSITY; HISTORY; LEAF;
D O I
10.1111/1365-2745.14492
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Disturbances can have enduring impacts on ecological communities due to 'legacy effects', which result in community structure that varies with the history of recent disturbance. Further, such legacy effects can influence community-and population-level responses to future disturbance. We leveraged a landscape-scale fire frequency experiment in a longleaf pine savanna to assess legacy effects in understory community richness, structure, and in community response to subsequent fire. Further, we investigated species-level responses to fire based on their burn history and attempted to explain these responses using relevant functional traits. Fire suppression for just 4 years resulted in more woody-dominated communities. Fire suppression also resulted in more overall plant abundance. This buildup of plant material is consistent with our further finding that a greater interval between fires resulted in greater loss of cover with the next fire. Greater fire return interval led to more vegetative cover loss immediately post-fire, but this effect attenuated within a year of recovery time. Lowland shrub-dominated communities also experienced greater cover loss due to fire. There was no effect of fire return interval on change in species richness. Woody species responded more negatively to fire than herbaceous species. Intraspecific variation in specific leaf area increased resistance to fire only for shorter species, and it decreased resistance for taller species. Only some of the abundant species showed a sensitivity to fire history. Synthesis. Overall, our findings provide evidence that short-term changes to disturbance regimes can create alternative responses to future disturbance at the community and species level. This work suggests that short-term pauses to longer term burn regimes can facilitate woody encroachment and have lasting impacts through altered community responses to future fires. Las perturbaciones pueden tener impactos duraderos en las comunidades ecol & oacute;gicas debido a los 'efectos heredados', resultando en estructuras que var & iacute;an con el historial de perturbaciones recientes. Adem & aacute;s, estes efectos heredados pueden influir en las respuestas a nivel de la comunidad y la poblaci & oacute;n a futuras perturbaciones. Aprovechamos un experimento de frecuencia de incendios a escala del paisaje en el sotobosque de una sabana de Pinus palustris para evaluar los efectos heredados en la riqueza y la estructura de la comunidad y tambien en la respuesta de la comunidad a incendios futuros. Adem & aacute;s, investigamos la respuesta a incendios a a nivel de especie al en funci & oacute;n de la historia de quemas e intentamos predecir estas respuestas utilizando rasgos funcionales relevantes. La supresi & oacute;n de incendios durante solo cuatro a & ntilde;os result & oacute; en comunidades m & aacute;s dominadas por especies le & ntilde;osas. La supresi & oacute;n de incendios tambi & eacute;n produjo un incremento en la abundancia de plantas. Esta acumulaci & oacute;n de material vegetal es consistente con nuestro hallazgo de que un tiempo m & aacute;s largo entre incendios resulta en una mayor p & eacute;rdida de cobertura vegetal con el siguiente incendio. Un tiempo m & aacute;s largo entre incendios llev & oacute; a una mayor p & eacute;rdida de cobertura vegetal inmediatamente despu & eacute;s del incendio, pero este efecto se atenu & oacute; dentro de un a & ntilde;o a partir del incendio. Las comunidades dominadas por arbustos en las tierras bajas tambi & eacute;n experimentaron una mayor p & eacute;rdida de cobertura vegetal debido al fuego. No hubo ning & uacute;n efecto del tiempo entre incendios en el cambio en la riqueza de especies. Las especies le & ntilde;osas respondieron m & aacute;s negativamente al fuego que las especies herb & aacute;ceas. La variaci & oacute;n intra-espec & iacute;fica en el SLA (& aacute;rea foliar espec & iacute;fica) aument & oacute; la resistencia al fuego solo para las especies m & aacute;s peque & ntilde;as, y baj & oacute; la resistencia para las especies m & aacute;s altas. Solo algunas de las especies abundantes mostraron una sensibilidad al historial de incendios. S & iacute;ntesis. En general, nuestros hallazgos prestan evidencia de que los cambios en los reg & iacute;menes de perturbaci & oacute;n pueden crear respuestas alternativas a futuras perturbaciones a nivel de la comunidad y de las especies. Este trabajo sugiere que las pausas, a & uacute;n cuando sean pausas de corta duraci & oacute;n, en los reg & iacute;menes de quema pueden facilitar la invasi & oacute;n le & ntilde;osa por arbustos y tener impactos duraderos a trav & eacute;s de respuestas alternativas de la comunidad a futuros incendios.
引用
收藏
页码:701 / 712
页数:12
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