The efficacy of ICIs rechallenge in advanced small cell lung cancer after progression from ICIs plus chemotherapy: A real-world study

被引:0
作者
Liu, Fen [1 ]
Yin, Guisen [2 ]
Tao, Ye [3 ]
Pan, Yong [1 ]
机构
[1] Cent South Univ, Affiliated Canc Hosp, Hunan Canc Hosp, Xiangya Sch Med,Dept Pharm, Changsha 410011, Hunan, Peoples R China
[2] Yantai Hosp Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Pharm, Yantai 264000, Shandong, Peoples R China
[3] Cent South Univ CSU, Xiangya Sch Med, Changsha 410011, Hunan, Peoples R China
关键词
Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Resistance; Rechallenge; Small cell lung cancer; ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; IMMUNOTHERAPY; SURVIVAL;
D O I
10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114372
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Background: Rechallenging immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) after resistance to initial ICIs plus chemotherapy (chemo-ICIs) remains uncertain in advanced small cell lung cancer(SCLC). Method: The study retrospectively enrolled advanced SCLC patients who received ICIs after developing resistance to chemo-ICIs during hospitalization at Hunan Cancer Hospital from January 2020 to November 2023. The clinical outcomes and prognosis factors for ICIs rechallenge were further analyzed. Results: A total of 175 patients were included, of which 82(46.86 %) patients had primary resistance(PR) and 93 (53.14 %) patients developed acquired resistance(AR). The progression-free survival(PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR) of the total group were 3.3 months,16.57 %, and 53.71 %, respectively. The AR group exhibited significantly longer PFS compared to the PR group (4.5 months vs. 3.2 months, p = 0.012). In the PR group, a significantly longer PFS was found for ICIs rechallenge with interval treatment than without interval treatment(4.2 months vs. 3.1 months, p = 0.031). Within the AR group, the "new immunotherapy plus new chemotherapy" regimen showed a significantly longer PFS compared to the regimen of "maintain immunotherapy plus new chemotherapy" (8.3 months vs. 3.2 months, p = 0.014). The multivariate COX regression analyses demonstrated that both resistance pattern(p = 0.007) and treatment regimen(p = 0.039) independently served as risk factors for PFS in ICIs rechallenge. Conclusion: Our study suggests that rechallenge of ICIs could be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for advanced SCLC after progression from chemo-ICIs, particularly in patients with AR.
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页数:8
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