Effects of Preoperative Oral Carbohydrates on Recovery After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Purpose: The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of administering preoperative oral carbohydrates (CHO) compared to a control treatment in improving postoperative recovery outcomes for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Design: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Methods: Through systematic searches in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, randomized controlled trials focusing on preoperative oral carbohydrates for patients undergoing LC were collected. Data analysis was conducted using the Revman 5.3 software. Findings: The meta-analysis incorporated 19 randomized studies, with a total of 1,568 participants. Meta- analysis results indicated that patients receiving CHO reported notably lower postoperative pain compared to those fasting (P = .006) or on placebo (P = .003). Furthermore, a significant reduction in preoperative hunger was observed in the CHO group compared to the controls (P = .002). A notable difference was also identified in the postoperative Homeostasis Model Assessment-IR changes between the CHO and control groups (P = .02). No significant variations were observed in thirst, postoperative nausea and vomiting, insulin level alterations, glucose level changes, duration of hospital stay, or recovery quality. Conclusions: Preoperative oral carbohydrates may alleviate hunger and pain, and attenuate postoperative insulin resistance more effectively than either overnight fasting or placebo in patients undergoing LC. (c) 2024 American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).