Potential of Polydatin Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: New Insights from Pharmacological-Pathological Mechanism Associations

Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a multi-tissue/organ susceptible and highly destructive disease. The complex pathological mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury make its prevention and treatment highly challenging, and the development of novel drugs with pharmacological pleiotropy that can target multiple pathological mechanisms has become the focus of current drug research. Polydatin is a traditional Chinese medicine monomer with pleiotropic pharmacological effects, and existing research evidence suggests that polydatin has strong protective potential against ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the mechanism of polydatin against ischemia-reperfusion injury is still unclear. In this review, the extensive pharmacological-pathological mechanism associations between polydatin and ischemia-reperfusion injury have been described from the perspectives of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and cellular pyroptosis, which will provide references to the basic and applied research of polydatin in the field of ischemia-reperfusion injury.