Modeling novel hybrid green energy systems with IIoT-based real-time dynamic monitoring, control and automation

Sarawak's abundant green energy resources make it ideal for energy transition. However, the dispersed and intermittent nature of these sources poses reliability challenges, exacerbated by a lack of comprehensive integration, monitoring, control, and automation strategies. Therefore, this research paper proposes a novel hybrid green energy systems model, operating stably at 15 kV within a ring topology system. To enhance the model's dynamism, unique algorithms have been developed to stream real-time data from the Grid System Operator and Solcast into the simulation. An innovative Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) communication framework has been established to connect the simulation model with a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) platform, addressing the intermittency issues associated with green energy. The research demonstrates the successful implementation of effective monitoring, control, and automation strategies, even with dynamic real-time data. To further validate the framework's applicability to real-world scenarios, a hardware model incorporating a Raspberry Pi 4 and IoT components was successfully integrated with the SCADA system. The effectiveness of these strategies was confirmed by the hardware prototype. This novel framework provides a valuable planning tool for researchers to further analyze the model, contributing to the implementation of a more robust and resilient green energy infrastructure.