Genome-Wide Association Study of Reproductive Traits in Large White Pigs

Simple Summary Understanding the genetics behind the reproductive traits of pigs is crucial for enhancing productivity and economic outcomes in the pork industry. In this study, we investigated the genetic factors influencing reproductive characteristics in Large White pigs. By analyzing the genetic data of 2237 sows from southern China, we identified specific genes and genetic markers associated with important reproductive traits, such as litter size. Our findings provide valuable insights that could help in developing targeted breeding strategies aimed at improving these traits. This research is not only significant for farmers and breeders but also contributes to a more sustainable and efficient approach to pig farming.Abstract (1) Background: Reproductive performance is crucial for the pork industry's success. The Large White pig is central to this, yet the genetic factors influencing its reproductive traits are not well understood, highlighting the need for further research. (2) Methods: This study utilized Genome-Wide Association Studies to explore the genetic basis of reproductive traits in the Large White pig. We collected data from 2237 Large White sows across four breeding herds in southern China, focusing on eight reproductive traits. Statistical analyses included principal component analysis, linkage disequilibrium analysis, and univariate linear mixed models to identify significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms and candidate genes. (3) Results: Forty-five significantly related SNPs and 17 potential candidate genes associated with litter traits were identified. Individuals with the TT genotype at SNP rs341909772 showed an increase of 1.24 in the number of piglets born alive (NBA) and 1.25 in the number of healthy births (NHBs) compared with those with the CC genotype. (4) Conclusions: The SNPs and genes identified in this study offer insights into the genetics of reproductive traits in the Large White pig, potentially guiding the development of breeding strategies to improve litter size.