Public attitudes toward athlete activism in sport: utilizing a multivariate list experiment to address social desirability bias in survey responses

被引:0
作者
Park, Youngho [1 ]
Kwak, Dae Hee [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Miami, Dept Kinesiol & Sport Sci, Sport Adm, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA
[2] Univ Michigan, Dept Sport Management, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
关键词
Response biases; social desirability; athlete activism; list experiment; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; RANDOMIZED-RESPONSE; SUPPORT;
D O I
10.1080/16184742.2024.2418317
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
Research Question: This study investigates the degree of hidden racial hatred towards athlete protests within the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement by correcting for the Social Desirability Bias (SDB) in survey responses.Research Methods: Employing a multivariate list experiment on a nationally representative sample (n = 1,075), it assesses the extent of SDB and explores variations in support for on-field kneeling protests based on the race of the athlete, respondent demographics, and sport fan identification.Results and Findings: Findings reveal underreported disapproval for BLM-supportive athlete activism, particularly when the protesting athlete is identified as Black. Further analyses highlight hidden biases influenced by respondents' race, region, political affiliation, and fan identification.Implications: Our findings offer valuable insight on applying list experiments to reduce social desirability biases in surveys, ensuring more accurate reflections of public opinion on contentious topics.
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收藏
页数:21
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