The dopamine hypothesis for ADHD: An evaluation of evidence accumulated from human studies and animal models

被引:11
作者
Macdonald, Hayley J. [1 ]
Kleppe, Rune [2 ]
Szigetvari, Peter D. [3 ,4 ]
Haavik, Jan [3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol & Med Psychol, Bergen, Norway
[2] Haukeland Hosp, Norwegian Ctr Maritime and Diving Med, Dept Occupat Med, Bergen, Norway
[3] Univ Bergen, Dept Biomed, Bergen, Norway
[4] Haukeland Hosp, Div Psychiat, Bergen, Norway
关键词
dopamine; monoamines; attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder; stimulants; genetics; neurometabolic disorders; psychopharmacology; neuropsychological disorders; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; CATECHOL-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; IMPULSE CONTROL; TRANSPORTER DENSITY; BIOCHEMICAL BASIS; MOTOR INHIBITION;
D O I
10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1492126
中图分类号
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号
100205 ;
摘要
Multiple lines of evidence indicate that altered dopamine signaling may be involved in neuropsychiatric disorders and common behavioral traits. Here we critically review evidence collected during the past 40-plus years supporting the role of dopamine dysfunction in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We recapitulate the basic components of dopaminergic signaling in the central nervous system, focusing on core enzymes, transporters and receptors involved in monoaminergic functions, particularly in striatal and cortical regions. We summarize key human brain imaging and genetic studies reporting associations between dopaminergic neurotransmission and behavioral traits, with an emphasis on ADHD. We also consider ADHD in the context of animal models and single gene, metabolic, and neurological disorders with established dysfunction of the dopaminergic system. Examining the evidence in this way leads us to conclude that there is evidence for the involvement of dopamine but limited evidence for a hypo-dopaminergic state per se as a key component of ADHD. We propose a path forward to increase our understanding of dopamine signaling in human behavioral traits and disorders that should particularly focus on its role in clinical subgroups, during brain development and how it interacts with other neurotransmitter systems.
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页数:19
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