Low-carbon optimization model of energy-transportation system based on parking processes and hydrogen conversion processes

As the popularity of new energy vehicles increases and the transport network becomes increasingly linked to the energy system, the energy drive of electric and natural gas vehicles is directly dependent on the supply of the electrical network. Therefore, effective coordination of traffic flows can optimize energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions. This paper introduces an optimal scheduling model that integrates traffic flow and alkaline electrolyser operation to achieve economic efficiency and low carbon emissions. Firstly, a traffic flow model is developed, addressing path selection, parking queues and vehicle loads on gas and electricity systems, with the aim of reducing excessive emissions resulting from poor traffic distribution. Secondly, An electrolyser operation strategy is formulated for various conditions, enhancing system economics and dynamics. Finally, a two-stage low-carbon optimisation model is implemented.The first stage focuses on economic dispatch of the coupled electricity-gas system to minimize operating costs.In the second stage, a demand response model is developed to optimise the system by taking into account the integrated carbon price of the carbon emission streams. Tested in a modified energy transport network, the model demonstrates a CO2 reduction of 3.2 tons and a 14% improvement in economic efficiency.