An evaluative framework for integrating fishers' experiential knowledge in collaborative research

Incorporating fishers' experiential knowledge (FEXK) into fisheries management and scientific advisory systems is increasingly advocated, yet practical challenges persist. Science-industry research collaboration offers a way to address these challenges by enabling the co-creation of knowledge between scientists and non-scientific stakeholders. Practical examples of how to effectively integrate experiential knowledge in such collaborative processes remain scarce. This paper presents an evaluative framework designed to assess how FEXK was integrated into collaborative research between scientists and lobster fishers in the Eastern Scheldt, the Netherlands. Based on four best practices identified in the literature, this framework not only highlights the benefits of incorporating fishers' knowledge-such as increased trust, transparency, industry support, and enhanced data availability-but also serves as a guideline for setting up future science-industry collaborations. The case results show that qualitative insights from fishers complement and validate quantitative data, leading to a more comprehensive understanding of fish stock status and creating industry-supported co-management. Our framework provides a structured tool to critically evaluate existing collaborations and the inclusion of experiential knowledge. It also guides the development of new science-industry research collaborations using FEXK. By fostering mutual learning, establishing circular communication processes, and recognizing fishers as expert data providers, this novel framework supports more inclusive and effective fisheries management.