Substantial research on optimized synthesis of lanthanum-doped Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 with high electrochemical energy storage from laterite nickel ore to prevent the P2-O2 phase transition and lattice oxygen evolution in view of green chemistry

The tendency toward developing new technologies for the comprehensive exploitation of diverse elements found in minerals is unavoidable given the growing scarcity of resources and the growing prominence of environmental issues. Low-temperature calcined laterite nickel ore is an essential raw material supply channel for battery grade nickel sulfate in the renewable energy era, playing a major part in the nickel industrial chain. In this research, laterite nickel ore was chosen as an initial ingredient to produce filtrate with a high nickel concentration through leaching and directed impurity removal, and rare earth element La was utilized to substitute partial Mn in the transition metal layer. A series of stacked hexagonal plate P2-Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67- xLaxO2(x = 0, 1/48, 1/24, 1/ 12) materials (designated NNMLx) were synthesized via the coprecipitate method. The findings demonstrate the outstanding sodium storage ability of NNML1/24, with an initial discharge capacity of 148.73 mAh/g at 0.1 C and a potential range of 2.0-4.3 V. It also boasts superb rate performance (129.76 mAh/g at 10 C) and a high level of cycle stability (91.50 % capacity after 200 cycles). Consequently, the layered structure may be stabilized, phase change can be inhibited, and interlayer slip can be efficiently reduced by adding La.