Maximizing expectancy violation and exposure outcomes in patients with PTSD

被引:0
|
作者
Kooistra, Marike J. [1 ,2 ]
Schoorl, Maartje [1 ,3 ]
Oprel, Danielle A. C. [1 ,2 ]
van der Does, Willem [1 ,2 ,3 ]
de Kleine, Rianne A. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Leiden Univ, Dept Clin Psychol, Leiden, Netherlands
[2] Parnassia Grp, PsyQ, The Hague, Netherlands
[3] Leiden Univ Treatment Ctr LUBEC, Leiden, Netherlands
关键词
Posttraumatic stress disorder; exposure therapy; expectancy violation; inhibitory learning; mechanisms of change; Trastorno de estr & eacute; s postraum & aacute; tico; terapia de exposici & oacute; n; violaci & oacute; n de expectativas; aprendizaje inhibitorio; mecanismos de cambio; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; HEART-RATE REACTIVITY; THERAPY; COGNITIONS; MECHANISMS; RETRIEVAL; MEDIATORS; CONTEXT; IMAGERY;
D O I
10.1080/20008066.2024.2447183
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
Background: It has been proposed that maximizing expectancy violation enhances the efficacy of exposure therapy. The clinical utility of expectancy violation remains unclear and it has not yet been studied in PTSD.Objective: We aimed to test whether explicitly focusing on expectancy violation leads to superior exposure outcomes.Method: Adult treatment-seeking patients with PTSD (N = 60) were randomly assigned to one 90-minute exposure session focusing on either expectancy violation or a control condition without an expectancy focus. Assessments occurred before the session and one week later, measuring changes in fear responses during a script-driven imagery task, and PTSD symptoms.Results: Using multilevel analyses, we found no between-condition differences. On average, fear responses to the imagery and PTSD symptoms decreased over time. The expectancy violation condition exhibited a greater decrease in threat appraisal, which appeared to mediate symptom reduction.Conclusions: We found no evidence that explicitly focusing on expectancy violation led to superior immediate effects. However, it may lead to more changes in expectancies which could affect symptom improvement over an extended period. Further research is needed to determine whether emphasizing expectancy violation in exposure therapy for PTSD is advantageous. Antecedentes: Se ha propuesto que maximizar la violaci & oacute;n de expectativas mejora la eficacia de la terapia de exposici & oacute;n. La utilidad cl & iacute;nica de la violaci & oacute;n de expectativas sigue sin estar clara y a & uacute;n no se ha estudiado en el TEPT.Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo era comprobar si centrarse expl & iacute;citamente en la violaci & oacute;n de expectativas conduce a mejores resultados de exposici & oacute;n.M & eacute;todo: Pacientes adultos con TEPT que buscaban tratamiento (N = 60) fueron asignados aleatoriamente a una sesi & oacute;n de exposici & oacute;n de 90 minutos centrada en la violaci & oacute;n de expectativas o a una condici & oacute;n de control sin centrarse en las expectativas. Las evaluaciones tuvieron lugar antes de la sesi & oacute;n y una semana despu & eacute;s, midiendo los cambios en las respuestas de miedo durante una tarea de visualizaci & oacute;n basada en un guion y los s & iacute;ntomas de TEPT.Resultados: Utilizando an & aacute;lisis multinivel, no encontramos diferencias entre condiciones. En promedio, las respuestas de miedo a las im & aacute;genes y los s & iacute;ntomas de TEPT disminuyeron con el tiempo. La condici & oacute;n de violaci & oacute;n de expectativas mostr & oacute; una mayor disminuci & oacute;n en la valoraci & oacute;n de la amenaza, lo que pareci & oacute; mediar la reducci & oacute;n de los s & iacute;ntomas.Conclusiones: No encontramos pruebas de que centrarse expl & iacute;citamente en la violaci & oacute;n de expectativas condujera a efectos superiores inmediatos. Sin embargo, puede conducir a m & aacute;s cambios en las expectativas que podr & iacute;an afectar la mejora de los s & iacute;ntomas durante un per & iacute;odo prolongado. Se necesita m & aacute;s investigaci & oacute;n para determinar si es ventajoso enfatizar la violaci & oacute;n de expectativas en la terapia de exposici & oacute;n para el TEPT.
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页数:14
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