A review on two-dimensional nanosheet membranes for separation

Two-dimensional building blocks with atomic thinness can be assembled into ultrathin separation membranes minimizing the transport resistance to maximize the permeation rate. Herein, this review focuses on the current states, challenges and perspectives of 2D nanosheet membranes. The nanosheet membranes, such as zeolite, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), graphene and graphene oxide (GO), COFs-based and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) as well as 2D confined membranes are first systematically introduced. Further, the recent advances of synthesis methods for 2D nanosheets and membranes are systematically reviewed. It concludes with the current challenges of membrane synthesis and performance, the perspectives are also provided.