Hereditary angioedema (HAE) in chil-dren and adolescents: New treatment op-tions

Modern management of hereditary an-gioedema (HAE) due to reduced C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) function or concentration (HAE-C1- NH) focuses on individualized therapeutic strategies to address the specific needs of children and adolescents as well as the se-verity of the disease. Psychosocial factors such as the burden of disease and therapy on quality of life and participation play an important role. New medications have al-ready significantly improved the prognosis and health related quality of life in HAE pati-ents, but not all of these therapies have yet been approved for children. Further treat-ment options that inhibit bradykinin effects are currently being investigated. They target factor XIIa, prekallikrein, plasma kallikrein, or the bradykinin B2 receptor. Modern re-search focuses on oral options or long-acting parenteral therapy approaches to further optimize care and, in particular, the needs of children. There are also initial developments in the field of gene therapy, which could re-present a causal treatment option for HAE in the future.