Multi-level factors of Chinese American family caregivers of individuals with dementia during COVID-19

Chinese American caregivers face unique hurdles for family members with dementia. This study identified individual and contextual factors influencing family caregiving and ways in which caregivers managed pandemic-related challenges. A cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted in the Northwest region of the United States. Eligible Chinese American caregivers from a community-based organization were recruited. Semi-structured interviews were in participants' preferred languages. Thematic analysis and deductive coding were used. The analysis (N = 16) showed that individual factors contained family caregivers' perceptions, coping skills, knowledge, and empathy. Interpersonal factors included the dynamic of family support and dementia symptoms of care recipients, adversely affected by the pandemic. Community factors explored the resources provided by the partnering organization and adaptations to pandemic-related challenges. Societal factors encompassed participants' reliance on spiritual support groups, the influence of filial respect, perceived Asian xenophobia during the pandemic, and the impact of immigration history and policy on caregiving experiences. (c) 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.