Low grade myxofibrosarcoma of the abdominal wall: A rare case report from Tanzania

Introduction and importance: Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a rare malignant soft tissue sarcoma, typically affecting older adults and commonly arising in the extremities. Its occurrence in younger individuals and in atypical locations, such as the abdominal wall, is uncommon. Case presentation: A 27-year-old female presented with a three-year history of a progressively enlarging, painless mass on the left lateral aspect of her abdomen. Initial imaging suggested a benign lesion; however, histopathological examination of the excised mass revealed a spindle cell neoplasm with myxoid changes. Immunohistochemistry confirmed a diagnosis of low-grade MFS. The patient underwent surgical excision with clear margins and remains under regular follow-up with no signs of recurrence to date. Clinical discussion: This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of MFS, particularly in younger patients and atypical anatomical locations. The nonspecific imaging features highlight the necessity of histopathological examination for accurate diagnosis. Surgical excision with clear margins remains the cornerstone of MFS treatment, and the absence of adverse features in this case negated the need for adjuvant therapy. Regular followup is essential due to the high propensity for local recurrence. Conclusion: This case contributes to the limited data on MFS in sub-Saharan Africa, emphasizing the need for increased awareness and reporting to better understand its epidemiology and inform management strategies in this region.