Mycoplasma pneumoniae incidence, phenotype, and severity in children and adolescents in Denmark before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide multicentre population-based cohort study

被引：13

作者：

Dungu, Kia H. S. ^{[1
]}

Holm, Mette ^{[2
]}

Harding, Ulla ^{[3
]}

Jensen, Lise H. ^{[4
,5
]}

Nielsen, Allan Bybeck ^{[6
]}

Schmidt, Lisbeth S. ^{[5
,7
]}

Toustrup, Lise B. ^{[2
]}

Hansen, Lotte H. ^{[8
]}

Dahl, Kathrin W. ^{[9
]}

Matthesen, Kirstine T. ^{[10
]}

Nordholm, Anne C. ^{[11
]}

Uldum, Soren ^{[12
]}

Emborg, Hanne-Dorthe ^{[11
]}

Rytter, Maren J. H. ^{[5
,13
]}

Nygaard, Ulrikka ^{[1
,5
]}

机构：

[1] Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Rigshosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

[2] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Aarhus, Denmark

[3] Hans Christian Andersen Childrens Hosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Odense, Denmark

[4] Zealand Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Roskilde, Denmark

[5] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark

[6] Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Hvidovre, Denmark

[7] Herlev Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Herlev, Denmark

[8] Univ Hosp Southern Denmark, Dept Paediat, Aabenraa, Denmark

[9] Hillerod Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Hillerod, Denmark

[10] Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Aalborg, Denmark

[11] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol & Prevent, Copenhagen, Denmark

[12] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Bacteria Parasites & Fungi, Copenhagen, Denmark

[13] Slagelse Hosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Slagelse, Denmark

来源：

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE | 2024年 / 47卷

关键词：

Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; COVID-19; Resurgence; Mycoplasma induced rash and mucositis; MIRM; Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruptions; RIME; Mycositis; Corticosteroids; INDUCED RASH; INFECTIONS;

D O I：

10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101103

中图分类号：

R19 [保健组织与事业（卫生事业管理）];

学科分类号：

摘要：

Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections resurged globally in 2023-2024 after a three-year decline during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored the incidence and severity of M pneumoniae infections in children and adolescents before, during, and after the pandemic. Methods This nationwide, population-based cohort study included all Danish children and adolescents aged 0-17 years with a positive M pneumoniae PCR test from May 1, 2016, to April 30, 2024. We obtained clinical details for patients hospitalised for 24 h or more. Risk ratios for infections, hospitalisations, and disease manifestations in 2023-2024 versus pre-COVID-19 seasons were calculated using Fisher's exact and Pearson's chi(2) tests. A season was defined from May 1 to April 30. Findings Among the Danish population of 1,152,000 children and adolescents, 14,241 with a positive PCR test for Mpneumoniae were included. In 2023-2024, children and adolescents with a positive PCR rose 2.9-fold (95% CI 2.8-3.1; p < 0.0001) compared to the pre-COVID-19 seasons, and hospitalisations rose 2.6-fold (95% CI 2.0-3.3; p < 0.0001). M pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis increased 5.3-fold (95% CI 1.8-15.3; p = 0.00 07). In 2023-2024 compared to the pre-COVID-19 seasons, there was no difference in the proportion of hospitalisation (360 [4%] of 8165 versus 230 [4%] of 6009; p = 0.09), the median duration of hospital stay (3 days [IQR 2-5] versus 3 days [IQR 2-5]; p = 0.84), or paediatric intensive care unit admission (14 [4%] of 360 versus 9 [4%] of 230 p = 1.00). Interpretation In Denmark, M pneumoniae infections and hospitalisations increased three-fold in 2023-2024 compared with the pre-COVID-19 seasons, indicating an immunity debt caused by the decline in M pneumoniae during the COVID-19 pandemic. While the severity of M pneumoniae infections did not change in 2023-2024, the five-fold increase in M pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis in children and adolescents highlights M pneumoniae as an important pathogen causing mucocutaneous eruptions.Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

引用

页数：12

共 51 条

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