Associated impairments among children with cerebral palsy: findings from a cross-sectional hospital-based study in Vietnam

Objective This study aims to explore the associated impairments of cerebral palsy (CP) and their correlates among children with CP in Vietnam. Design Descriptive cross-sectional study using hospital-based surveillance. Setting National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam between June and November 2017. Participants 765 children with CP were recruited. Outcome measures We assessed clinical characteristics of CP, associated impairments (epilepsy, intellectual, visual, hearing, speech impairments) and their correlates. We performed descriptive analyses (median, IQR and proportion). chi(2) test and Fisher's exact test were used for categorical variables. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression models were established and associated impairments were included as independent variables. Results The median age of children was 1.7 years (IQR=2.7). Quadriplegia was the predominant subtype (69.5%) and 46.5% were at Gross Motor Function Classification System level IV-V. Of children, 76.3% had >= one associated impairment, most commonly speech or intellectual impairments (59.1% and 57.8%, respectively). Severity of motor impairment, type of CP, maternal and perinatal factors (eg, gestational age, perinatal asphyxia, timing of injury causing CP) were associated with greater risk of associated impairments. Conclusion Children with CP have a high burden of associated impairments. Findings from our study will inform the development and implementation of appropriate screening and interventions and reduce the long-term adverse effects of these impairments on individuals with CP and their socioeconomic impact.