New Standardized Procedure to Extract Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid from Different Matrices: A Kit for HPLC-UV Detection

Background: Glyphosate has been extensively used as herbicide since the early 1970s. The daily exposure limit is set at 0.3 mg/kg bw/d in Europe and 1.75 mg/kg bw/d in the USA. Among its derivatives, aminomethylphosphonic acid is the most stable and abundant. Understanding their biological effects then requires reliable methods for quantification in biological samples. Methods: We developed and validated a fast, low-cost, and reliable chromatographic method for determining glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid concentrations. The validation included following parameters: specificity, selectivity, matrix effect, accuracy, precision, calibration performance, limit of quantification, recovery, and stability. Sample extraction employed an anion exchange resin with elution using hydrochloric acid 50.0 mmol/L. For HPLC analysis, analytes were derivatized, separated on a C18 column with a mobile phase of phosphate buffer (0.20 mol/L, pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (85:15), and detected at 240 nm. Results: The method demonstrated high reliability and reproducibility across various matrices. Its performance met all validation criteria, confirming its suitability for quantifying glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in different biological and experimental setups. Conclusions: This method can offer a practical resource for applications in experimental research, medical diagnostics, quality control, and food safety.