Effect of interlayer forced cooling strategies on wire arc additively manufactured SS 316L

被引：2
作者：
Badoniya, Pushkal [1 ]
Srivastava, Manu [1 ]
Jain, Prashant K. [2 ]
机构：
[1] PDPM Indian Inst Informat Technol Design & Mfg, Hybrid Addit Mfg Lab, Jabalpur 482005, India
[2] PDPM Indian Inst Informat Technol, Fused Filament Fabricat Lab, Jabalpur 482005, India
来源：
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS | 2025年 / 43卷
关键词：
WAAM; Interlayer temperature; Active cooling; Topography; Wear mechanism; TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR; STAINLESS-STEEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; QUALITY; WAAM;
D O I：
10.1016/j.mtcomm.2025.111758
中图分类号：
T [工业技术];
学科分类号：
08 ;
摘要：
Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) faces serious challenges in achieving uniform material properties due to high heat accumulation caused by inadequate control of heat dissipation during material deposition. Increasing the dwell time can mitigate this issue but it also reduces the productivity of the system. This study explored the effects of four interlayer cooling strategies: interlayer natural cooling and forced cooling with compressed air, aerosol (air + water), and CO2 gas, on WAAM-fabricated SS 316L walls. Microstructural analysis revealed the primary gamma-austenitic phase with residual delta-ferrite phase of different morphologies. However, forced cooling strategies promoted microstructure refinement. The forced cooling-based samples displayed better microhardness and ultimate tensile strength than the naturally cooled samples. Compared to naturally cooled samples, CO2 cooled samples showed a 21 % increase in microhardness and a 16.3 % increase in ultimate tensile strength, while a slight decrease in elongation was observed. Tribological analysis showed better wear resistance in forced cooling-based samples, particularly CO2 cooled displaying the lowest coefficient of friction, wear rate, wear groove depth, and surface roughness along the wear track. Wear mechanism analysis demonstrated abrasive wear at a lower load, while it became more complex at a 7.5 N load, with a combination of abrasive, adhesive, and oxidative wear. At 10 N, substantial plastic deformation and oxidation occurred. This study supports future research to optimize hybrid interlayer cooling strategies to improve heat dissipation efficiency and enhance material properties, especially tribological performance.
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页数：17
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