Influence of metal ion doping on the photo-electrochemical detection performance of WO3

This study investigates the electrochemical photodetection performance of pure WO3 and its doped variants with Cr3 +, Co2+, Ag1 +, Hg1 +, and Pb4+ ions. Pure WO3, while stable and responsive, exhibits limited responsivity due to low carrier mobility and recombination rates. To address these limitations, we introduce various dopants to enhance its photodetection parameters, focusing on responsivity, detectivity, rise time, and decay time across a range of applied voltages. Our results indicate that each dopant uniquely influences WO3's performance. Agdoped WO3 demonstrates the highest responsivity, while Pb-doped WO3 exhibits the most balanced improvement in detectivity and responsivity, making it suitable for applications demanding both high sensitivity and stability. Cr and Co doping improves stability and response speed, respectively, enhancing suitability for specific operational requirements. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights for the development of optimized electrochemical photodetectors, demonstrating the potential of doped WO3 for high-performance applications in diverse photodetection fields.