Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance with Digital Approaches 1 Using digital health technologies to optimise antimicrobial use globally

Digital health technology (DHT) describes tools and devices that generate or process health data. The application of DHTs could improve the diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of bacterial infection and the prevention of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). DHTs to optimise antimicrobial use are rapidly being developed. To support the global adoption of DHTs and the opportunities offered to optimise antimicrobial use consensus is needed on what data are required to support antimicrobial decision making. This Series paper will explore bacterial AMR in humans and the need to optimise antimicrobial use in response to this global threat. It will also describe state-of-the-art DHTs to optimise antimicrobial prescribing in high-income and low-income and middle-income countries, and consider what fundamental data are ideally required for and from such technologies to support optimised antimicrobial use.