Emerging roles of hyaluronic acid hydrogels in cancer treatment and wound healing: A review

Hyaluronic acid (HA)-derived hydrogels demonstrate a significant development in the biomedical uses, especially in cancer treatment and wound repair. Cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with current therapies frequently impeded by lack of specificity, side effects, and the emergence of resistance. HA hydrogels, characterized by their distinctive three-dimensional structure, hydrophilic nature, and biocompatibility, develop an advanced platform for precise drug delivery, improving therapeutic results while minimizing systemic toxicity. These hydrogels facilitate the controlled release of drugs, genes, and various therapeutic substances, enhancing the effectiveness of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Additionally, they can be designed to react to stimuli such as pH, light, and magnetic fields, enhancing their therapeutic capabilities. In the process of wound healing, the hydrophilic and porous characteristics of HA hydrogels establish a moist environment encouraging cell growth and contributes to the tissue recovery. By imitating the extracellular matrix, they promote tissue regeneration, improve angiogenesis, and influence immune reactions. This review examines the various functions of HA-based hydrogels in cancer treatment and wound healing, highlighting their advancement, applications, and ability to change existing therapeutic methods in these important health sectors.