The Effect of Area-Level Deprivation on the Severity of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome on Presentation to a Hand Surgeon

Purpose Cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) is the second most common upper-extremity neuropathy and can cause debilitating symptoms. Patients presenting to care with severe CuTS can be left with permanent weakness and numbness despite treatment. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between area-level deprivation and the severity of CuTS on presentation to a hand surgeon. Methods We retrospectively identified 369 patients who were diagnosed with CuTS at a new patient visit between January 2017 and December 2021. We queried the electronic health record to assess the severity of CuTS using the McGowan grade. We used patient addresses to determine the national percentile of area-level deprivation for each patient. Bivariate analyses were used to determine if sociodemographic factors were associated with CuTS severity on presentation or rates of surgical intervention. Results In bivariate analysis, patients with higher levels of area-level deprivation had more severe CuTS. Those who were older, were men, and had public insurance were also found to have more severe CuTS. Secondary analysis revealed that patients with higher levels of deprivation were more likely to receive nerve conduction testing. No sociodemographic factors were associated with whether patients received surgical intervention or in time from presentation to surgery. Conclusions Patients from marginalized backgrounds present to hand surgeons with more severe CuTS disease. Clinical relevance Delayed presentation can lead to worse outcomes in CuTS. Understanding barriers to earlier presentation in more deprived locations and certain patient populations can help develop solutions to address these disparities. (J Hand Surg Am. 2025;50(3):292e298. Copyright (c) 2025 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.)