Impact of Gut Microbiome Interventions on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Metabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

被引:0
|
作者
Mederle, Alexandra Laura [1 ]
Dima, Mirabela [2 ]
Stoicescu, Emil Robert [3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
Capastraru, Bogdan Florin [1 ,4 ]
Levai, Codrina Mihaela [4 ]
Hategan, Ovidiu Alin [7 ]
Maghiari, Anca Laura [8 ]
机构
[1] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm Timisoara, Doctoral Sch, Eftimie Murgu Sq 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania
[2] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm Timisoara, Dept Neonatol, Eftimie Murgu Sq 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania
[3] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm Timisoara, Radiol & Med Imaging Univ Clin, Eftimie Murgu Sq 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania
[4] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm Timisoara, Res Ctr Med Commun, Eftimie Murgu Sq 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania
[5] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm Timisoara, Res Ctr Pharmaco Toxicol Evaluat, Eftimie Murgu Sq 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania
[6] Politehn Univ Timisoara, Fac Mech, Field Appl Engn Sci, Specializat Stat Methods & Tech Hlth & Clin Res, Mihai Viteazul Blvd 1, Timisoara 300222, Romania
[7] Vasile Goldis Western Univ Arad, Med Fac, Discipline Anat & Embriol, Revolut Blvd 94, Arad 310025, Romania
[8] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm Timisoara, Dept Anat & Embriol, Timisoara 300041, Romania
来源
LIFE-BASEL | 2024年 / 14卷 / 11期
关键词
gut microbiome; lipid metabolism; glucose metabolism; personalized medicine; gut microbiome intervention; FMT; probiotic; prebiotic; symbiotic; FECAL MICROBIOTA; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; DOUBLE-BLIND; SUPPLEMENTATION; TRANSPLANTATION; CHOLESTEROL; OVERWEIGHT; MARKERS; YOGURT;
D O I
10.3390/life14111485
中图分类号
Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Background: The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as a key player in metabolic health, influencing glucose and lipid metabolism through various mechanisms. However, the efficacy of gut microbiota-targeted interventions, such as probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and diet-based treatments, remains unclear for specific metabolic outcomes. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the impact of these interventions on the glucose and lipid parameters in individuals with metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis included 41 randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of gut microbiota-targeted treatments on metabolic parameters such as fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides. A comprehensive search was conducted using databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, focusing on interventions targeting the gut microbiota. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models, with effect sizes calculated for each outcome. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results: Gut microbiota-targeted interventions significantly reduced fasting glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides, with moderate heterogeneity observed across studies. The interventions also led to modest increases in HDL-C levels. Probiotic and synbiotic interventions showed the most consistent benefits in improving both glucose and lipid profiles, while FMT yielded mixed results. Short-term interventions showed rapid microbial shifts but less pronounced metabolic improvements, whereas longer-term interventions had more substantial metabolic benefits. Conclusions: In this study, it is demonstrated that gut microbiota-targeted interventions can improve key metabolic outcomes, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for managing metabolic diseases. However, the effectiveness of these interventions varies depending on the type, duration, and population characteristics, highlighting the need for further long-term studies to assess the sustained effects of microbiota modulation on metabolic health.
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页数:18
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