Two-dimensional layered MoS2/lignin as additives for epoxy composites with improved mechanical and tribological properties

The MoS2/lignin hybrid material was successfully synthesized and incorporated into an epoxy resin to fabricate composite coatings. The results demonstrate that MoS2 is uniformly attached to the surface of lignin sheets. Compared to adding lignin alone, the MoS2/lignin hybrid-epoxy resin (EP) composite coatings exhibited enhanced friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties. Specifically, the 1 wt% MoS2/lignin hybrid displayed excellent dispersion and high interfacial compatibility within the resin matrix, leading to a 66.7% increase in Vickers hardness, a 27.5% increase in tensile strength, and a 73.9% improvement in char yield. Furthermore, the friction coefficient and wear rate were reduced by 63.2% and 75.8%, respectively. As a uniformly dispersed hybrid structure, the MoS2/lignin material can endure higher loads, autonomously repair defects, and form a stable and complete transfer film on the worn surface, demonstrating synergistic friction-reducing and wear-resistant effects within the epoxy resin matrix. Integrating MoS2 into a two-dimensional material can provide a practical reference for designing polymer-based hybrid materials with outstanding comprehensive properties. Highlights The MoS2/lignin hybrid material was successfully synthesized. MoS2 is uniformly attached to the surface of lignin sheets. The hybrid significantly enhances friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties. Vickers hardness increased by 66.7%, and tensile strength increased by 27.5%. The friction coefficient was reduced by 63.2%, and the wear rate was reduced by 75.8%.