Comparison of Doppler Uterine Artery Findings in the First and Second Trimesters with the Risk of IUGR in IVF Twins Versus Non-IVF Twins

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the outcomes of IVF and natural twin pregnancies in terms of Doppler uterine artery findings to investigate the effect of IVF on IUGR in twins. Access to specific variables can predict this occurrence and prevent it, reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with IUGR and also reducing the financial burden on the healthcare system, as well as improving the quality of life for mothers and their fetuses. Materials and methods: This study included pregnant women who had twin pregnancies and were referred to the Akbarabadi Hospital between April 1, 2021, and April 1, 2022. The pregnant women were divided into two groups: Group 1, natural twin pregnancies, and Group 2, twin pregnancies resulting from IVF. Pregnant women who were referred to the radiology unit for Doppler uterine artery sonography in the first and second trimesters were included in the study. The sonography was performed by experienced radiologists or under their supervision and with medical indication. Results: The mean maternal age in the IVF group was 37.52 years, whereas in the natural pregnancy group it was 31 years, revealing a statistically significant disparity (P=0.021). The mean fetal weight in the IVF group was 982 grams, whereas in the natural pregnancy group it was 763 grams, although this difference did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05). A total of three cases of IUGR were identified, with 2 cases occurring in the IVF group and 1 case in the natural pregnancy group. Furthermore, none of the cases had a documented history of IUGR. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, no significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of the Doppler uterine artery indices. Therefore, further studies with a significantly larger sample size are needed to investigate this association more thoroughly.