A time-stepping BEM for three-dimensional thermoelastic fracture problems of anisotropic functionally graded materials

The primary goal of this study is to create a novel mathematical model based on the time- stepping boundary element method (BEM) scheme for solving three-dimensional coupled dynamic thermoelastic fracture issues in anisotropic functionally graded materials (FGMs). The crack tip opening displacement determines the dynamic stress intensity factor (SIF). The effects of anisotropy, graded parameters, and angle locations on the SIF were studied for three-dimensional coupled dynamic thermoelastic fracture situations. The results show that the novel method is exceptionally exact and efficient at assessing the fracture mechanics of fractured thermoelastic anisotropic FGMs. In addition, this paper provides a theoretical framework for analyzing a wide range of real engineering applications.