The Effects of an 8-Month Multicomponent Training Program in Body Composition, Functional Fitness, and Sleep Quality in Aged People: A Randomized Controlled Trial

被引:1
|
作者
Forte, Pedro [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ]
Encarnacao, Samuel G. [2 ,3 ,5 ]
Branquinho, Luis [6 ,7 ,8 ]
Barbosa, Tiago M. [3 ,4 ]
Monteiro, Antonio M. [3 ,4 ]
Pecos-Martin, Daniel [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Alcala, Dept Phys Therapy, Physiotherapy & Pain Grp, Madrid 28801, Spain
[2] Higher Inst Educ Sci Douro, Dept Sports, P-4560708 Penafiel, Portugal
[3] Inst Politecn Braganca, Res Ctr Act Living & Wellbeing LiveWell, P-5300253 Braganca, Portugal
[4] Inst Politecn Braganca, Dept Sports Sci, P-5300253 Braganca, Portugal
[5] Univ Autonoma Madrid UAM, Dept Phys Act & Sport Sci, Madrid 28049, Spain
[6] Polytech Inst Portalegre, Biosci Higher Sch Elvas, P-7350092 Portalegre, Portugal
[7] Life Qual Res Ctr LORQ CIEQV, P-2001964 Santarem, Portugal
[8] Res Ctr Sport Sci Hlth Sci & Human Dev CIDESD, P-6201001 Covilha, Portugal
关键词
ageing; fitness; sleep; quality; OLDER-ADULTS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; EXERCISE; PERFORMANCE; DURATION; BALANCE; INDEX; PAIN; LIFE;
D O I
10.3390/jcm13216603
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Background/Objectives: This study examined the effects of an intervention on anthropometrics, body composition, physical fitness, and sleep quality in aged individuals, comparing a control group (N = 11) and an experimental group (N = 13) across two measurement points. Methods: A multicomponent training program of 8 months was adopted as the intervention group. A bioimpedance balance, functional fitness test, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index measured body composition, functional fitness, and sleep quality. Results: Both groups showed minimal changes in body mass and hand grip strength. However, the experimental group experienced significant improvements in physical fitness, including a 26% increase in arm curl repetitions, an 18% reduction in 5 times sit-to-stand (5TSTS) completion time, and a 29% rise in 2-min step test (2MST) steps, indicating enhanced muscle endurance and cardiovascular fitness. Flexibility decreased significantly in the experimental group, while body fat percentage was reduced by 10%. Sleep quality improved by 47% in the experimental group but declined by 14% in the control group. Correlational analysis revealed that better sleep quality was linked to improved fitness performance and reduced body fat in the experimental group, with post-intervention results further confirming the connection between sleep and fat reduction. In the control group, improved sleep quality was associated with higher metabolic rates after 8 months. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the intervention positively impacted physical fitness and sleep quality, with potential benefits for overall health.
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页数:15
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