Integrating citizenship education into secondary school physical education lessons in Indonesia: an approach to reducing character degradation

The study seeks to examine the incorporation of citizenship education into Physical Education (PE) classes in Indonesia to mitigate character degradation. Employing the systematic literature review methodology, the study collected data by searching from Google Scholar, specifically focusing on journal articles indexed in the Scopus databases. In addition, the articles must be published between 2019 and 2024. The keywords were specified as the following: "Integration AND Civic Education AND Character AND Physical Education AND Junior High School AND Indonesia". The PRISMA technique was used during the article identification process. The study found 13 articles that aligned with the theme and met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that incorporating civic education into physical education (PE) at Junior High School (SMP) in Indonesia successfully mitigated student character degradation. Some principles that contribute to this mitigation and helped students cultivate stronger characters were tolerance, collaboration, and responsibility. This integration facilitates the construction of a comprehensive educational curriculum that encompasses not only physical components but also the cultivation of character and civic values. As a result, it contributes to the building of a morally upright and ethically conscious generation of students.