Role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 Gene Polymorphisms on Lung Cancer Susceptibility and Effect on Platinum-Based Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity in Bangladeshi Lung Cancer Patients

Background: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play a significant role in carcinogen detoxification, and hence, polymorphisms of this gene may lead to lung cancer susceptibility. Accordingly, this study is aimed at investigating GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms' association with lung cancer risk and their effects on the toxicities of platinum-based chemotherapy used to treat Bangladeshi lung cancer patients.Methods: The study subjects comprised 180 lung cancer patients and 200 healthy volunteers. Genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were analyzed using a multiplex PCR-based method. Chemotherapy toxicity was evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0).Results: GSTM1 null genotype was found to be significantly associated with a 1.6-fold increased risk of lung cancer (OR=1.60, 95%CI=1.01-2.52, p=0.0491), whereas no significant association was observed with GSTT1 null genotype and combined GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype. Moreover, no significant relationship was observed between GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and the increased risk of platinum-based chemotherapy-induced toxicities in lung cancer patients.Conclusions: These findings indicated that the GSTM1 null but not GSTT1 null genotype was significantly associated with lung cancer susceptibility. These polymorphisms were not related to platinum-based chemotherapy-induced toxicities in Bangladeshi lung cancer patients.