Modeling High Current Pulsed Discharge in AA Battery Cathodes: The Effect of Localized Charging during Rest

被引:0
|
作者
Guida, Dominick P. [1 ]
Stewart, Leah M. [1 ]
Okasinski, John S. [2 ]
Wendling, Matthew T. [3 ]
Chadderdon, Xiaotong H. [3 ]
Gallaway, Joshua W. [1 ]
机构
[1] Northeastern Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[2] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Lemont, IL 60439 USA
[3] Energizer Holdings Inc, Westlake, OH 44145 USA
来源
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS | 2025年 / 8卷 / 03期
关键词
alkaline battery; Manganesedioxide; energydispersive X-ray diffraction; operando; electrochemistry; CYLINDRICAL ALKALINE CELLS; MANGANESE-DIOXIDE; MARCUS-HUSH; SIMPLE FORMULA; REDUCTION; OPERANDO; ELECTRODE;
D O I
10.1021/acsaem.4c02767
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
During high current operation, substantial heterogeneity develops within battery cathodes, particularly when their thickness is large. Heterogeneity relaxation during subsequent rest is important for understanding battery performance under pulsed conditions. Localized charge balancing phenomena within batteries at zero net current are not well understood and merit investigation. In this work, the heterogeneity within cathodes of commercial alkaline Zn-MnO2 batteries is measured during discharge and monitored during rest using energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD). Significant gradients in protonation form during discharge and partially relax under rest. It is demonstrated that the proton gradient relaxation is through local redox activity at zero net current, where local (de)protonation works to redistribute charge across the cathode thickness. To support this redox-based relaxation, a fundamental kinetic study on prismatic MnO2 cathodes is conducted to determine an appropriate model to describe both discharge and charge kinetics of MnO2. These kinetics are incorporated into a computational model to simulate the proton gradient formation and partial relaxation under identical discharge conditions as the operando EDXRD experiments. Model and experimental data are found to be in excellent agreement, correctly predicting localized charge balancing at rest.
引用
收藏
页码:1636 / 1646
页数:11
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