Periprosthetic and peri-implant femoral fractures and timeliness to surgery: A retrospective matched cohort study

Purpose Periprosthetic (PPFF) and peri-implant femoral fractures (PIFFs) are troublesome complications of prosthetic and implant surgery, the prior being described to have a greater delay to surgery when compared with standard hip fractures. The implications of PPFF delay being disputed in the current literature and those of PIFF have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine whether the time from radiological examination to surgery differs between hip fractures and PPFF/PIFF, and the possible consequences of delay and group affiliation on morbidity, mortality, and readmissions. Methods One hundred and thirty-six participants were admitted to Danderyd hospital during 2020, cases exposed to PPFF or PIFF (n = 35) and hip fracture controls (n = 101) matched at 1:3 with respect to age and sex. Timestamps from radiology, surgery, and death were retrieved from the Swedish fracture registry, data on adverse events (AEs), and readmissions were collected through retrospective medical record review for 90-days postsurgery. Results Linear regression showed that time to surgery differed in case and control cohorts by a mean of 24.8 h, p < 0.001, and AEs were significantly more common in cases, p = 0.046. Unadjusted binary logistic regression indicated a possible relationship between time to surgery increasing the rate of AEs by 1.3% per hour of delay, 95% confidence interval [CI]: (1-1.03). Conclusion This study reveals a significant delay in surgery for PPFFs and PIFFs compared with standard hip fractures, leading to higher adverse event rates. While mortality and readmissions did not differ significantly, the delay underscores the need for timely intervention in these complex cases. Further research is needed to address these challenges and improve patient outcomes.