Effect of Agaricus bisporus Stalk Replacement of Soybean on Productive Performance, Egg Quality and Intestinal Microbiota of Laying Hens

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Agaricus bisporus stalks on the performance, egg quality, serum biochemistry and intestinal microorganisms of laying hens, as well as determine the optimal replacement ratio of soybean. The results showed that compared to the control group, Agaricus bisporus stalks could significantly increase the Haugh unit (p < 0.05) in 10%, 15% and 20% substitution, markedly reduced the abdominal fat rate in 15% and 20% substitution (p < 0.05), significantly increased the ALB levels in 15% substitution and improved the serum antioxidative state in all substitution (p < 0.05). Moreover, Agaricus bisporus stalks had benefits in maintaining the morphology and integrity of the intestinal and oviduct ampulla, and modified the intestinal microorganisms' structure, especially at the 10% substitution level, leading to an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Alloprevotella. In conclusion, replacing 10% to 20% of soybean meal with Agaricus bisporus stalks in the diets of Hy-Line Brown laying hens had no adverse effects and could enhance the egg quality, antioxidant function of the laying hens as well as modulate the intestinal microbial structure. Overall, the recommended amount of Agaricus bisporus stalks to replace soybean meal is 10%-15% in diet of laying hens.