Historicizing the Nineteenth-Century Entrepreneurial Theatrical Artisan: The Case of Henry Hamilton

This paper sets out to establish the historiographical significance of a theatrical artisan and his body of work, in order to question the roots and routes of our methodologies for mapping the period. Henry Hamilton's career as dramatist spanned 45 years (1873-1918), during which time he consistently and prolifically created works that were commercially successful and popular with audiences: from autumn dramas at Drury Lane to musical comedies for the Gaiety theatre. Whilst in his own lifetime Hamilton's repertoire sat centrally in the theatrical marketplace he opted to live privately on the periphery of the developing celebrity culture. Over time, both Hamilton's identity and his creative practice have been overlooked; therefore, my consideration of Hamilton here is a response to an imperative for democratizing nineteenth- and early twentieth-century theatre history through recovery, inclusivity, and revision. Hamilton represents a synecdochal figure, a methodological case study for similar 'hidden' practitioners who, like Hamilton, worked as part of a growing, vibrant but economically precarious industry and who, in a rapidly changing and increasingly industrialized culture, adapted to shifting working practices and public taste. While acknowledging existing scholarship of nineteenth- to early twentieth-century theatre, this paper argues for new narrative routes in our historiographical practice. It proposes approaches that examine the theatre industry through its economic and production-based dynamics, recovering similar theatrical artisan figures to map a different network of practitioners to be embedded in our overall understanding of the many ways in which theatre functioned as a cultural practice and enterprise during the era.