The Effects of Different Ciprofol Doses on Hemodynamics During Anesthesia Induction in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different ciprofol doses on hemodynamics in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: 209 patients were randomly divided into four groups: 0.2 mg/kg etomidate group (group E, n = 50), 0.2 mg/kg, 0.3mg/kg, 0.4mg/kg ciprofol group (group A, n = 53, group B, n = 51, group C, n = 54). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and bispectral index were recorded at the following time points: 5 minutes after entering the operating room (T-0); before anesthesia induction (T-1); immediately after induction (T-2); 1 minute and 2 minutes after induction (T-3 similar to T-4); at intubation (T-5); 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes and 10 minutes after intubation (T-6 similar to T-9); at skin incision (T-10). The incidence of hypotension and bradycardia and the doses of vasoactive drugs were recorded. Results: Compared with T-0, HR, MAP, SV, CO all decreased to varying degrees after administration, and the decrease time in Group B and Group C were earlier than that in other two groups (P < 0.05). SVR increased slowly after T-4 in all groups, but there was no significant differences (P > 0.05). Compared with group E, the norepinephrine dose was significantly lower in groups A and B (both P < 0.05). Group C showed a greater decline in CO and SV than the other three groups from T-7 to T-10 (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between groups A and E in CO and groups A, B, and E in SV (P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in MAP, SVR, and the incidences of hypotension and bradycardia among the four groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: 0.2 mg/kg ciprofol has the least impact on hemodynamics in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and reduced norepinephrine use.