Advancing green analytical solutions: A review of proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry in atmospheric aerosol research

Atmospheric aerosols significantly influence atmospheric chemistry, climate change, and public health, necessitating robust analytical methods for their study. Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) is a green analytical technique that minimizes sample pretreatment and avoids fragment ion generation, aligning with sustainable practices. Despite its soft ionization and high temporal resolution, PTR-MS faces challenges in sensitivity and selectivity, particularly for high molecular weight compounds. This review critically examines the latest advancements in PTR-MS, evaluating how these innovations enhance ion source sensitivity, drift tube performance, and detection system efficiency while reducing the environmental impact of analytical processes. We discuss the technology's utility in aerosol research, focusing on compositional analysis and source apportionment, which are essential for developing strategies to mitigate atmospheric pollution. We also highlight the need for further advancements to address the challenges of sensitivity and selectivity, reflecting a commitment to sustainable analytical development. The evolution of PTR-MS is poised to offer more environmentally friendly methods for real-time monitoring of organic constituents in particulate matter, supporting the objectives of green analytical science.