Optimal design and technoeconomic analysis of on-site hydrogen refueling station powered by wind and solar photovoltaic hybrid energy systems

In this study, a grid-connected on-site hydrogen filling station (HRS) integrated with renewable energy systems is designed and examined for different daily hydrogen refueling capacities. The installation location of the HRS is selected in Izmir (Turkey) and daily solar radiation and wind speed data are used in the calculations. The HRS station was integrated with a hybrid energy system using photovoltaic panels (PV), wind turbine (WT) and PV/ WT and five different daily refueling scenarios were investigated. A techno-economic analysis is conducted for the designed HRS system, considering the initial investment capital, installation and operating costs. The levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) is evaluated according to different refueling capacity scenarios, periods of operation and renewable energy installation capacities. The lowest LCOH is obtained as 4.5 <euro>/kg H2 in the PVintegrated HRS system for a 20-year investment scenario. The results prove the suitability of the HRS system for integrating renewable energy in the identified region. It is recommended to integrate analytical models for the system components to increase the reliability of the design and optimization process in future planned studies.