Decoding Fungal Skin Infections: Current and Emerging Trends in Diagnosis and Management

Purpose of ReviewTo explore current knowledge of superficial, subcutaneous, systemic, and opportunistic mycoses, focusing on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostics, and treatments. Key questions addressing environmental and host factors in the rise of fungal infection, pathogenesis, resistance mechanisms, and advances in diagnostics and therapies.Recent FindingsHighlights include drug-resistant dermatophytosis, advances in molecular diagnostic (PCR, MALDI-TOF), and novel antifungal agents targeting specific mechanisms. Subcutaneous mycoses reveal fungal immune evasion strategies and treatment challenges. Systemic mycoses show progress in rapid diagnostics and adjunctive therapies.SummaryHighlights the complex interactions between pathogenic fungi and host immunity, which require personalized diagnostics and innovative treatments. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for combat cutaneous fungal infections and guiding future research.