Modification in structural and optical properties of GdF3:Ho3+/Yb3+ upconversion nano particles via Zn2+ and Ca2+codoping concentration variation

In this manuscript, GdF3:Ho3+/Yb(3+)upconversion phosphor particles have been prepared via the chemical co-precipitation method. The concentration of Ho3+ and Yb3+ dopants have been fixed while the components Zn2+ and Ca2+ ions concentration varied with the difference of 5 mol%. The effect of these co-dopant ion concentration variations on both structural and optical properties have been studied. The structural properties have been studied through FE-SEM and XRD analysis. The organic/inorganic impurities have also been estimated in the prepared set of samples through FT-IR analysis. Comparative upconversion luminescence studies have been done for all samples on a fixed excitation power density of 98 W/cm(2) of 980 nm continuous wave diode Laser excitation. The effect of the co-doping ion concentration variation on the paramagnetic behavior of these samples has also been studied.