Leveraging Enablers and Performance Metrics for Building Industrial Circular Supply Chain: a Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach

The global major concerns are raising resource scarcity and waste generation magnitude, majorly due to prolonged linear economy model. Open loop supply chain with take, make and dispose of approach accelerated economic growth with huge impacts on environment. Globalization, worldwide outbreaks of pandemics, and armed combat between Russia and Ukraine impacted performance of supply chain. So resilience of supply chain and framework are receiving higher attention from practitioners and scholars. Implementing circular supply chain (CSC) is one approach to improve sustainability and increase resource efficiency. This study uses a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making technique to develop a framework that can assist Indian manufacturing firms in uncovering crucial circular supply chain enablers and performance metrics (PMs). The authors believe this is the first CSC study with Analytical Hierarchy Process in a Pythagorean fuzzy environment, in combination with the WASPAS approach respectively, to ascertain weight to the enablers and novelty is identification and prioritization of quantitative performance metrics. Among the most significant findings supportive and visionary onboard upper management, technology up gradation with the clear concern of resource scarcity are prime three of thirty enablers. The availability of number of advanced technology, number of supplier integration and amount of secondary material are three top most of eighteen quantitative PMs. Output of study serves as a strategic decision making tool that showcase the demand of holistic approach from all stakeholders as derived implications for decision-makers, researchers, and practitioners.