Gallbladder Volvulus as a Diagnostic Contender in Acute Abdomen: Case Report

Gallbladder volvulus (GV) is a rare condition characterized by the twisting of the gallbladder along its own axis, typically affecting women more than men, with a reported ratio of 5:1. We present the case of a 42-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with 24 h of generalized abdominal pain accompanied by fever. Due to limited availability of diagnostic imaging services over the weekend, an ultrasound and computed tomography scan could not be performed. Consequently, a diagnostic laparoscopy was undertaken, which revealed a gangrenous gallbladder secondary to GV. A laparoscopic cholecystectomy was then performed without complications, and the patient was discharged uneventfully. Preoperative diagnosis of GV can be challenging, as the clinical presentation may mimic other acute abdominal conditions. In situations where diagnostic imaging is unavailable, exploratory laparoscopy becomes a crucial diagnostic and therapeutic tool. The use of a four-port technique allows for proper traction and facilitates the detorsion of the gallbladder, ensuring a clear surgical field essential for a safe procedure and reducing the risk of bile duct injuries.