The chemical reactivity profiles and structures of pyridine derivatives, as well as several techniques for their synthesis, are discussed. Several heterocycles, which are pharmacologically active natural molecules and agrochemicals, are synthesized using these substances as precursors. This review is based on a literature search that included several synthesis techniques and applications of pyridine derivatives. Important chemical compounds with a wide range of uses include pyridine and its derivatives. We have outlined the uses of several pyridine derivatives, both medicinal and non-medicinal, in this review. Numerous biological activities of pyridine derivatives have been documented, and several of the compounds are used in therapeutic settings. Additionally, pyridine derivatives are becoming increasingly significant for contemporary medical applications.