Diagnostic value of hemoglobin concentration in identifying Meckel's diverticulum in pediatric lower gastrointestinal bleeding

Purpose To assess the diagnostic performance of hemoglobin concentration for Meckel's diverticulum (MD) and evaluate if hemoglobin levels could be useful in the surgical decision-making process of children with lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB). Methods Retrospective cohort study of children with LGIB attending the emergency department between 2011 and 2021. Episodes of LGIB were divided into two groups: MeckD (MD diagnosed by surgery) and non-MeckD. Demographic and clinical variables were recorded. Comparisons between groups were made using the chi 2 and the Mann-Whitney U tests. The diagnostic performance of hemoglobin for MD was studied using ROC curves. Results Eight hundred and nineteen episodes of LGIB were considered. Blood samples were obtained in 233 cases (31 with MD). There were differences between MeckD and non-MeckD in hemoglobin concentration (8.7 vs. 12.6; U = 592; p < 0.01), hematochezia (83.9% vs. 50.5%; chi(2) = 12.1; p < 0.01), absence of other symptoms (61.3% vs. 39.6%; chi(2) = 5.2; p < 0.02) and blood transfusions (41.9% vs. 9.9%; chi(2) = 74.8; p < 0.01). Hemoglobin levels <= 8.3 g/dL obtained a specificity >= 99.01% and a positive likelihood ratio >= 35.8 for MD. The area under the curve was 0.91 (95% CI 0.86-0.94). Conclusion Hemoglobin showed a good diagnostic performance for MD. Low hemoglobin levels could guide surgical indications in the management of children with LGIB.