A compact frequency reconfigurable MIMO antenna with high isolation for Wi-Fi and fixed satellite applications

This paper proposes a compact Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna with frequency reconfigurability for Wi-Fi and fixed satellite applications. Utilizing two PIN diodes, the antenna can switch between (2.14-\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$-$$\end{document} 2.98) GHz and (6.66 -\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$-$$\end{document} 7.16) GHz electronically. An inverted F-shaped defective ground arrangement ensures excellent isolation between the rectangular antenna elements. Constructed with a low-cost FR4 substrate, the antenna exhibits isolation greater than 25 dB and ECC less than 0.08 over the two frequency bands. At 2.45 GHz and 6.91 GHz, the transducer's peak realized gains are 4.68 dBi and 4.27 dBi, respectively. The Mean Effective Gain (MEG) and measured Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) make it suitable for MIMO antenna systems. The fabricated prototype validates the proposed concept, with simulation findings closely aligning with measurement results.