Experimental and microstructural study of concrete reinforced with maguey fiber: Peruvian case

Currently, the integration of organic fibers for the production of eco-friendly concrete is being studied as an ecological solution without compromising the characteristic properties of conventional concrete. Therefore, this research aims to study the influence of maguey fiber on the mechanical and microstructural properties of concrete within the Peruvian context. The ACI 211.1 design standard was used for a required strength of 21 MPa, with maguey fiber added in varying proportions of 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.5% by weight of cement. The organic material was cut to a length of 50 mm and treated for 24 h with a calcium oxide (CaO) solution in a 3:1 ratio of water to CaO, placed in the mixtures with random orientation. Key findings showed reduced workability, temperature, and unit weight as the proportion of maguey fiber (MF) increased in the fresh concrete mixes. However, the air content slightly increased, remaining within standard parameters. Mechanical properties improved by 13.41%, 17.37%, 1.48%, and 53.84% in compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity, respectively, after 28 days with the optimal addition of 0.9% MF. Additionally, crystalline phases such as quartz (28.76%), portlandite (24.22%), albite (37.18%), and ettringite (4.44%) were observed, along with an amorphous phase (5.40%). Moreover, the fiber showed no signs of decomposition in the microstructural analysis. In conclusion, maguey fiber is a highly promising option for producing eco-friendly concrete and is recommended for use in the production of curbs, sports slabs, sidewalks, and light-traffic paving stones.