Intestinal parasitic infections among individuals visiting Dembiya Primary Hospital, Central Gondar, Ethiopia: cross-sectional study

Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) pose a significant public health challenge globally, particularly in developing regions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of IPIs among individuals visiting Dembiya Primary Hospital in Central Gondar, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2023 involving 404 participants selected through simple random sampling. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. The overall IPI prevalence was substantial at 56.4%. Six parasite species were identified, with Entamoeba histolytica being the most prevalent. Age, family role, footwear use, water contact, water source, vegetable consumption habits, and latrine use emerged as significant risk factors (p < 0.05). Notably, mothers were 16 times more likely to be infected compared to other family members (AOR = 16.372, 95% CI 4.037-66.392, p < 0.001), while individuals who never wore shoes were 31 times more likely to be infected than those who always wore shoes (AOR = 31.406, 95% CI 4.148-237.789, p < 0.001). Similarly, consuming unwashed vegetables increased infection risk by 28 times (AOR = 28.374, 95% CI 11.734-68.613, p < 0.001). These findings underscore the high burden of IPIs in the study area. To mitigate the problem, public awareness campaigns emphasizing personal and environmental hygiene, safe water consumption, and the dangers of consuming unwashed vegetables and inadequate footwear are recommended.